Starbucks Mission Social Responsibility - 736 Words

For the first assignment, please read Case 2, Starbucks Mission: Social Responsibility and Brand Strength on pages 319-326. Answer the questions at the end of the case, plus this question: In what other ways does this case relate to the concepts that we have learned in the chapters so far? 1. Why do you think Starbucks has been so concerned with social responsibility in its overall corporate strategy? Starbuck is concerned about its social responsibility because it is a very highly visible part of the company’s ethical practices. As the book stated, ethical practices and issues that are highly visible will have great influences on how the public perceives the company and their products or services. This perception is the†¦show more content†¦It is also unique because providing these benefits have contributed to the company’s stability that shown through lower turnover rates and higher productivity from the employees. This uniqueness adds to Starbucks ethical practices as it shows that it cares for its employees and will attract more consumers that value the same level of ethics. 3. Do you think that Starbucks has grown rapidly because of its ethical and socially responsible activities or because it provides products and an environment that customers want? I think that it is because of both practices done by Starbucks. A company as big as Starbucks is made up of so many pieces that effect one another, so to have a good medium there has to be uniformity in everything it does. A decision whether its ethical or not will affect the next decision and so forth, so being both ethical and providing what the customers want has to be valued at the same level of importance for the company to be successful. For example, if Starbucks only focused on ethics and social responsibilities made products that help promote that but doesn’t appeal to the customers, they won’t get much business. On the other hand, if all they cared about was what the customers wanted and how to make that meet those needs more efficiently, they could end up making decisions that will hurt the environment and people and will slowly lose customers as those practices surface. In what other ways doesShow MoreRelatedStarbucks’ Mission Social Responsibility and Brand Strength Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesThe case â€Å"Starbucks’ Mission Social Responsibility and brand Strength† basically discusses many things. It briefs you on how Starbucks came about in 1973 and how the company has evolved since then and the importance of defending its image. The company did many things to defend its image such as putting money back into the stake holder. Also Starbucks make a happy work environment by giving their employees full benefits. 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The Sincere Hero And His Comedic Predicament - 936 Words

The Sincere Hero and His Comedic Predicament The epic poem, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, presents the typical medieval hero going on a ridiculous quest. Gawain exemplifies the five principles of chivalry as he addresses each challenge on his journey, making him a true hero. However, the tale places this serious hero in an absurd situation, illustrating the comical elements the poem holds as well. The measure of an honorable hero in medieval romances is his ability to follow the chivalric code. Five characteristics are typically named when describing this code: friendship, fraternity, purity, politeness, and pity. In this poem, the correlating traits are listed when the author describes the symbol on Sir Gawain’s armor. A piece of the sacred knot is said to represent several sets of items and â€Å"Of the fifth group of five he [Gawain] honoured constantly/ The first four were generosity, good fellowship,/ Cleanness, and courtesy, uncurbed and unimpaired;/ Lastly compassio n, surpassing all† (651). Throughout his quest, Gawain demonstrates his devotion to chivalry by following each of these values, even when they may seem to contradict. The classic hero’s tale is dominated by three major challenges, the first of which is initiated by an intruder in the home. When King Arthur’s court is confronted by the mysterious green knight, Sir Gawain begins his adventure by humbly asking for it. He says to Arthur, â€Å"‘ I am the weakest and the least in wit;/ Loss of my life is therefore

Cross Cultural Management of Zhejiang Tea Group

Question: Discuss about the Cross Cultural Management of Zhejiang Tea Group. Answer: Introduction It is very challenging for an entrepreneur to start a new venture. The entrepreneur practically faces pots of challenges to start a new organisation and bring stability in the operation of the organisation. Thus an entrepreneur focuses on three important areas. They are planning, implementation and achieving the goals of theorganisation. Andrew Beattie states that overcoming the challenges is the objective of the owner of theorganisation(Beattie, 2012). The objective of this assignment is to open the new business by Zhejiang Tea Group which is a very popular company that exports tea to the global market. Thus there is a need for studying the culture of the country and to study the different cultural aspects so that the entrepreneur of the new business will be able to study the market, recruit the staff and manage the staff and make better communication both internally externally. The cultural difference will reflect the cultural, social and business pattern of the Australian and Chi na people. This will offer a better planning for entrepreneur of the business. There is always a need for studying the differences between the two cultures before opening any business transaction. The entrepreneur of the Zhejiang Tea Group requires making an analysis of the cultural differences of Australia China. This will help the management to make necessary improvements in the required areas so that the tea group will be able to sustain in the Australian market. Here the analysis made by Hofstede has been discussed has been discussed. In the Australian organizations, the hierarchy has been set up for the convenient. The superior authorities of the organisation are accessible. The senior management of the organisation depends on the employees and team for the development of the organisation. The information is regularly shared between the managers and the employees of the organisation. The communication is very direct and informal in nature (GEERT HOFSTEDE, 2017). In the context of China, there are inequalities. There is the difference between the senior and junior management. People do not have their aspiration for higher rank. There is formal power distribution in the culture (Hwajung, 2013). The culture of the Australia is highly individualist culture. The society is loosely knit. The people take care of themselves and their families. The employees are self-reliant and they show initiatives in the workplace. Based on the merits hiring and promotion of the employees are made (GEERT HOFSTEDE, 2017). In China, people work in groups not focus on the individual. In the group activities, the hiring and promotion become low. The commitment of the employee to the organisation is very low. The Australian always tries to strive the best from their work. The success achievement of their life makes them feel proud. The success determines their promotion and hiring in the organisation. At the individual level, the conflict is always resolved. The goal of the individual is to win (GEERT HOFSTEDE, 2017). The Chinese prefer to work and sacrifice their family. For them, leisure time is not so important. This reflects how the people of a culture get ready to face the future whichiscalled uncertain. The people always expect a threatening situation may create problems for them in the future. In this case, the Australian remain in the between of the Hofstede assessment. The truth is also given a due care in the business. The adherence to law the rules are flexible. The organisations in the country are very small and medium size. The culture is very important for the Australian. They believe in truth. They give more respect to the culture and traditions. They focus on achieving the quick response (Linghui Koveos, 2008). The people of China believe that truth depends on the situation. They show the ability to accept the tradition and also they change if they want. The people of the country are very open and they want to express their happiness. They are very optimistic and they want to express their happiness. They prefer leisure time and to spend money for their leisure work The society has a tendency to the cynicism. The people are also very pessimistic. The desires for leisure have not been found. The people believe that they are restricted with the social norms. They do not get involved in any wrong activity. Difference in the work culture of China and Australia The people of China wear conservative dresses and they prefer to wear a formal dress in comparison to the Australians who prefer informal dresses. The China people always avoid the aggressive negotiation. They do not come to the workplace on time and they feel that punctuality is not important. They keep relaxed in the meeting time and talk to people with eye contact. They do not make small talk and expect people to wait awhile. But the Aussies do not avoid aggressive negotiation (swinburne.edu.au, 2015). They are very punctual and fond of very small talk. They consider punctuality is very important in the business and during the meeting they are very sincere. They make communication with the people through eye contact (Matthews Thakkar, 2012). The communication style of China People differs from the people of Australia. The China people talk directly with the others during making conversation. They are very direct in their communication. The Australians do not prefer direct eye contact when they make conversation with others. The people of Australia also prefer to make direct contact. The cultural difference between China and China show that the entrepreneur of the restaurant requires having the ability to manage cross-cultural situations. The owner will have to study and recognize the cross-cultural difference (Martin Nakayama, 2012). Recommendation The Australia is a beautiful land. It is an exciting place to visit. There fascinating areas and lovely local places. There are many great cafs in the country. The demand for the coffee and tea is very much. The people of the country are also fond of tea. The caf culture has been witnessed since 1980s and 90s. Thus the proposal from opening a tea business in Australia will be very interesting. The following important requirements are needed top be followed by the management of the business when it will start its business in Australia. The market of Australia is very potential for the tea business. There are many tea shops and tea houses. The global tea retailers have entered into the tea market of the country. The 80% of the population of the country live along the east coast of the country. The tea business will be very profitable as the market favors the business (Respecting Global Diversity, 2017). The recruitment of the employees will be made from the country. The company will face difficulties in managing the employees of the country (Journalpsyche.org, 2016). The cross-cultural communication will be there. The Australian people are fond of freedom and they want to excel individually. In comparison to the China, they are very sincere to work independently. Thus the company will make recruitment of the people with some experience in the culture of China (Hilton, 2007). This will help them to resolve the gap between the different styles of working culture. Cross-cultural communication is very important for the company. The company requires establishing workplace culture so that all employees will work with similar sets of rules and values. The manager should not involve in the personal and social pattern of the employees of other culture (Lowell Thakkar, 2012). Cross-cultural communication is a very important issue in every organisation that operates globally. People with a different culture, ethnic group, social pattern, and lifestyle are working in the company. Thus in order to establish the culture of the organisation the company needs to prepare organisational culture (Beattie, 2012).. This will help the employees to follow them. The managers of the organisation require working as per the individual and social needs of the employees. The manager will see that no harm in being made in the workplace that will not motivate people to work. Conclusion Cross-cultural management is a challenge for every organisation. The success of the company depends on how the employees are dealt and they are led to achieving the objectives of the organisation. The motivated employee only contributes to the growth of the company. The tea company will face a challenge from the employees from the different culture. The culture of the tea company is dominated by the culture of Chin. The culture is different from that of Australian culture. The management is very powerful in the culture of the Chinese companies. But in Australia, they are easily accessible. Thus the employee will find they are under control and they cannot work to excel in their respective field. Thus the role of the management is to reduce the cultural barriers so that the tea company will find it convenient to open its business in Australia. Bibliography Beattie, A. (2012). 5 Biggest Challenges facing Your Small Business. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/12/small-business-challenges.asp GEERT HOFSTEDE. (2017). GEERT HOFSTEDE. Retrieved from https://geert-hofstede.com/australia.html GEERT HOFSTEDE. (2017). GEERT HOFSTEDE. Retrieved from https://geert-hofstede.com/china.html Hilton, G. (2007). Becoming Culturally Fluent. Communication World, 34-36. Hwajung, K. (2013). Understanding Cross Cutural Communications in the Busiuness Sector of South Korea: Case Study of Foreign Staffs in Korean Chaebols. Retrieved from cultualdiplomacy.org: https://www.culturaldiplomacy.org/pdf/case-studies/Hwajung_Kim_-_Understanding_Cross_Cultural_Communications_in_the_Business_Sector_of_South_Korea.pdf Journalpsyche.org. (2016). Alfred Adler's Personality Theory and Personality Types | Journal Psyche. Retrieved from journalpsyche.org: journalpsyche.org/alfred-adler-personality-theory Linghui, T., Koveos, p. E. (2008). A Framework to Update Hofstede's Cultural Value Indices: Economic Dynamics and Institutional Stability. Journal of International Business Studies 39 (6), 1045-1063. Lowell, C., Thakkar, B. (2012). The Impact of Globalisation on Cross-Cultural Communication. In H. C. Montiel, Golbalisation-Education and Management Agendas (pp. 1-4). Martin, J., Nakayama, T. (2012). Intercultural Communication in Contexts. McGraw-Hill Humanities. Matthews, L. C., Thakkar, B. S. (2012). The Impact of Globalisation on Cross-Cultural Communication. In H. C. Montiel, Business, Management and Economics" globalisation - Education and Management Agendas (p. chapter 13). Open access: CC by3.0 licenc. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/books/globalization-education-and-management-agendas/the-impact-of-globalization-on-cross-cultural-communication# Respecting Global Diversity. (2017). Retrieved from Samsung Website: www.samsung.com/us/abountsamsung/sustainability/integritymanagement/download/RespectingGlobalDiversity.pdf swinburne.edu.au. (2015, 06 23). Australian Workplace Cultural Communication. Retrieved from https://www.swinburne.edu.au/events/departments/current-students/2015/06/Australian-workplace-culture-revised.pdf

The Welfare State - A Cost Benefit Analysis Essays -

The Welfare State - A Cost Benefit Analysis The Welfare State - A Cost Benefit Analysis The role of welfare within our society has always been controversial. This problem emphasizes the need to understand the roles of variable factors when pertaining to the subject of welfare within our society. The proposed analysis will address the phenomenon of welfare assistance and several factors which may contribute to the increase or decrease of welfare assistance to the poor in 4 ways: (1) by defining major concepts and any other concepts about which there is likely to be misunderstanding (2) by further examining the past history pertaining to the subject of welfare assistance within the United States; (3) by developing the formulation of a hypothesis which will provide for an explanation of welfare; and finally (4) determining whether or not the benefits of welfare assistance outweigh the cost. Ultimately, the purpose of this research analysis is to investigate variable factors that may contribute to the increase or decrease of welfare assistance. This cost benefit analysis is an attempt to explain the tentative assumptions of others pertaining to the subject of welfare, in order to determine and explain the relationship of welfare to the economic cost and benefits. Cost-Benefit Analysis Before welfare assistance can be analyzed there is a need to define the terms that will be used. Policies like welfare assistance are worthwhile only if the benefits to society are greater than the costs. When choosing among a set of policies, the policy with the greatest net benefit (benefit over cost) should be chosen. Hence, this is where the term cost-benefit analysis comes from. Cost-benefit analysis is a technique for determining the optimal level of an economic activity such as welfare. In general, an activity such as welfare assistance should be expanded as long as it leads to greater benefits than costs. In purely economic terms, does the benefit of welfare assistance justify the costs of welfare assistance? (Mishan 13) Why Use Cost-benefit Analysis? Since 1981, government agencies have been required to perform cost-benefit analyses called Regulatory Impact Analyses (RIA's) for all major regulations within the United States. Many statutes require that cost-benefit analysis be undertaken and the results be reported to Congress (Mishan 2). Cost-benefit analysis can also be a good way to measure how effective a policy such as welfare assistance has been, or to find ways in which a program can be improved. But, regardless of how it is used, the preparation of a cost benefit analysis provides a useful framework for consideration of the possible effects of a proposed policy. Past History of Welfare Assistance One of the first welfare programs to provide income support to the poor was a federally backed plan called the Aid to Dependent Children (ADC) program. This legislation was introduced with the establishment of the Social Security program during the Great Depression. (Rowley, and Peacock 43) The ADC program which had started nearly sixty years ago is now better known as the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, which provided a federal entitlement to economic support for single parents with children younger than 18 who fell below a threshold of assets and income (Rowley, and Peacock 44). Federal guidelines allowed for each state to set its own predetermined needs standards for families of different sizes and living locations. Both the federal government and the states supplied funding for the AFDC program (Rowley, and Peacock 50). In 1996 Congress adopted the Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF) program by enacting the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity R econciliation Act which ultimately changed the structure of federal financial assistance to the states thereby abolishing the AFDC program. Another social welfare program was the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. Congress established the Supplemental Security Income program in 1972, with payments beginning in January 1974. It replaced the former Federal-State programs of Old-Age Assistance (OAA), Aid to the Blind (AB), and Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled (APTD)( Myles, and Pierson 9). An individual may have qualified for payments on the basis of age, blindness, or disability. Any person aged 65 or older was also eligible. President Richard Nixon enacted the Supplemental Security Income program with the signing of the Supplemental Social Insurance Act. The benefits under

How to Improve Your English Spelling

How to Improve Your English Spelling How to Improve Your English Spelling How to Improve Your English Spelling By Michael Addyson, a sixth grader who loves to write, asks, How can I learn to spell better? Thats certainly a worthy question, and over the years, weve given many suggestions for better spelling. I Before E, Except After C How Do I Become a Better Speller? Five Spelling Rules for â€Å"Silent Final E† The Six Spellings of â€Å"Long E† The Eight Spellings of â€Å"Long O† The Spellings of â€Å"Shun† But when young writers ask for advice on spelling or grammar, I always emphasize something else first. Spelling is not writing. Grammar is not writing. Writing is saying, in the clearest way you can, whats on your mind or in your heart. Despite what your teachers may be saying, poor spelling does not keep you from great writing. How do I know? Because people with dyslexia or dysgraphia have become successful authors, including Agatha Christie, John Irving, Avi, Jeanne Betancourt, and Fannie Flagg. And some of the most important writers of modern times couldnt spell. The greatest poor spellers Ernest Hemingway His reply when his newspaper editors complained about his bad spelling: Well, thats what youre hired to correct! He must have not been paying attention in school the day his teacher said, Drop the e and add ing, because he often spelled loveing and moveing. He often used and when he could have used a comma. He still got a Nobel Prize for Literature. F. Scott Fitzgerald His editors had to correct hundreds of spelling mistakes in The Great Gatsby, such as yatch, apon, definate, and critisism. He couldnt even remember how to spell the name of his best friend, who was Ernest Hemingway. One critic wrote, I have said that This Side of Paradise commits almost every sin that a novel can possibly commit: but it does not commit the unpardonable sin: it does not fail to live. William Butler Yeats He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1923, but he got poor spelling grades on his report cards, for words such as â€Å"feal† and â€Å"sleap. Unfortunately, his handwriting and spelling counted against him when his essays were graded, though he did well when he could read them aloud. He also had a habit of forgetting his school books. Winston Churchill Works such as the four-volume A History of the English-Speaking Peoples led to the 1953 Nobel Prize for Literature. But a childhood report card said, Writing is good, but terribly slow - spelling about as bad as it well can be. William Faulkner One editor remarked on his misspellings, faulty punctuation and accidental repetition. Before achieving the literary fame that led to the 1949 Nobel Prize, he worked two years as University of Mississippis postmaster in a stream-of-consciousness sort of way, editing the mail by throwing it out if he didnt consider it important. Jane Austen Her misspellings included â€Å"scissars† and at age 15, she titled a novel Love and Freindship (remember, I before E except after C). Later editors tamed her spelling, punctuation, and grammar, but according to Oxford University English professor Kathryn Sutherland, a new study of 1,100 handwritten pages of Austens unpublished manuscripts shows she had a better gift for dialogue than anyone had suspected, when editors didnt mess it up. The best way to learn spelling One reason that spelling in English can be so difficult is that our words come from so many different languages with different spelling rules. Thats why spelling bees can be so competitive. Spanish schools dont have spelling bees. Why bother? Spanish is always written phonetically, so any native Spanish-speaking child can correctly spell anything they can write. This is not true of English. The best way to learn to spell better depends on your own learning style. If you learn by hearing, spell words out loud, or have someone else do it for you. Sing the letters. Listen to the rhythm, and you may sense the rules behind them. Teach someone else. If you learn kinesically; that is, by movement, tracing words on paper or in the air may cement their correct spelling in your memory. Typing them will help too. If you learn by seeing, the more you read, the more your spelling will improve. Using a keyboard will help. Seeing what you just typed appearing neatly on the screen may trigger your right/wrong sensors more reliably than trying to read your handwriting. If you learn logically, organize your word lists by rule or family. Not all logic is verbal, and you can sharpen your unconscious spelling sense simply by putting all the words together that end with ed or start with eu. Strategies for better spelling It helps to learn basic spelling rules, but dont worry if you still make mistakes. After a two year study, Stanford University researchers determined that you would need more than 650 rules to correctly spell the 20,000 most common words in the English language. If you learned 300 rules, you might be able to spell half of them. Learn to spell words according to families; that is, in groups of similarly spelled words. In a spelling bee, to make the competition harder, the judges make sure that every word is different from the next. But learning to spell is not a competition, so spelling lists should be as easy to learn as possible with each word similar to the next. In a few minutes, a child can learn to spell take, rake, make, lake, bake, cake, sake, and wake. So when you study patriarch, you may as well learn arch, archive, archaic, architecture, archipelago, and archaeology at the same time. Simply seeing arch on that list might be enough reminder to spell the others correctly. Besides, getting question after question right makes a student feel good. Learn to spell words according to their etymology; that is, according to their language of origin. Many Arabic words begin with al (meaning the) while many Hebrew names end with el (meaning God). In words that came from Greek, the f sound is spelled ph. If you remember those word origins, you will never spell algebra as elgebra, Michael as Micheal, or photograph as fotograf. Though some people may judge you for your mistakes, success in life doesnt depend on good spelling. Fortunately, spellcheckers and friends can help. But when opponents criticized Andrew Jacksons spelling, the future U.S. President retorted, Its a poor mind that can think of only one way to spell a word. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Compared "to" or Compared "with"?How to Pronounce Mobile40 Idioms with First

Amplification Definition and Examples in Rhetoric

Amplification Definition and Examples in Rhetoric Amplification is a rhetorical term for all the ways that an argument, explanation, or description can be expanded and enriched. Also called rhetorical amplification. A natural virtue in an oral culture, amplification provides redundancy of information, ceremonial amplitude, and scope for a memorable syntax and diction (Richard Lanham, A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms, 1991). In The Arte of Rhetorique  (1553), Thomas Wilson (who regarded amplification as a method of the invention) emphasized the value of this strategy: Among all the figures of rhetoric, there is no one that helpeth forward an oration and beautifieth the same with such delightful ornaments as doth amplification. In both speech and writing, amplification tends to accentuate the importance of a topic and  induce an emotional response (pathos) in the  audience. Examples and Observations In amplification, writers repeat something theyve just said while adding more details and information to the original description. . .The main purpose of amplification is to focus the readers attention on an idea he or she might otherwise miss.(Brendan McGuigan, Rhetorical Devices: A Handbook and Activities for Student Writers. Prestwick House, 2007) One of the Biggest Trees in Pittsburgh A massive tree centuries old holds out against the odds here across from my mothers house, one of the biggest trees in Pittsburgh, anchored in a green tangle of weeds and bushes, trunk thick as a Buick, black as night after rain soaks its striated hide. Huge spread of its branches canopies the foot of the hill where the streets come together. Certain times of day in summer it shades my mothers front porch. If it ever tore loose from its moorings, it would crush her house like a sledgehammer. . . . (John Edgar Wideman, All Stories Are True. The Stories of John Edgar Wideman. Random House, 1996) Bill Bryson on Britain's Landscapes In terms of natural wonders, you know, Britain is a pretty unspectacular place. It has no alpine peaks or broad rift valleys, no mighty gorges or thundering cataracts. It is built to really quite a modest scale. And yet with a few unassuming natural endowments, a great deal of time and an unfailing instinct for improvement, the makers of Britain created the most superlatively park-like landscapes, the most orderly cities, the handsomest provincial towns, the jauntiest seaside resorts, the stateliest homes, the most dreamily spired, cathedral-rich, castle-strewn, abbey-bedecked, folly-scattered, green-wooded, winding-laned, sheep-dotted, plumply hedgerowed, well-tended, sublimely decorated 50,318 square miles the world has ever knownalmost none of it undertaken with aesthetics in mind, but all of it adding up to something that is, quite often, perfect. What an achievement that is. (Bill Bryson, The Road to Little Dribbling: More Notes From a Small Island. Doubleday, 2015)   Dickens on Newness Mr. and Mrs. Veneering were bran-new people in a bran-new house in a bran-new quarter of London. Everything about the Veneerings was spick and span new. All their furniture was new, all their friends were new, all their servants were new, their place was new, . . . their harness was new, their horses were new, their pictures were new, they themselves were new, they were as newly-married as was lawfully compatible with their having a bran-new baby, and if they had set up a great-grandfather, he would have come home in matting from Pantechnicon, without a scratch upon him, French-polished to the crown of his head. (Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend, 1864-65) "More Light!" Goethes final words: More light. Ever since we crawled out of that primordial slime, thats been our unifying cry: More light. Sunlight. Torchlight. Candlelight. Neon. Incandescent. Lights that banish the darkness from our caves, to illuminate our roads, the insides of our refrigerators. Big floods for the night games at Soldiers field. Little tiny flashlight for those books we read under the covers when were supposed to be asleep. Light is more than watts and footcandles. Light is metaphor. Thy word is a lamp unto my feet. Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Lead, Kindly Light, amid the encircling gloom, Lead Thou me on! The night is dark, and I am far from homeLead Thou me on! Arise, shine, for thy light has come. Light is knowledge. Light is life. Light is light. (Chris Stevens, Northern Exposure, 1992) Henry Peacham on Amplification In The Garden of Eloquence  (1593), Henry  Peacham describes [the] effects [of amplification] in the following manner: It is full of light, plenty and variety causing the orator to teach and tell things plainly, to amplify largely, and to prove and conclude mightily. The very wording of this passage demonstrates the procedure of amplifying one term, amplification itself, and that with the purpose of catching the readers attention.(Thomas O. Sloane,  Encyclopedia of Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, 2001) Selective Amplification Judgment is to be exercised in deciding what thoughts require amplification and what do not. A greater degree of expansion is necessary in oral than in written discourse; and in popular works than in purely scientific. A brief exposition may be sufficient for those who have some acquaintance with the subject, while in addressing those of less intelligence a greater fullness of details is necessary. It is always a most serious fault to dwell on what is unimportant, trivial, or what can be supplied by the reader; it indicates a want of the power of just discrimination on the part of the writer. (Andrew D. Hepburn, Manual of English Rhetoric, 1875) The Lighter Side of Amplification: Blackadder's Crisis This is a crisis. A large crisis. In fact, if youve got a moment, its a twelve-story crisis with a magnificent entrance hall, carpeting throughout, 24-hour portage, and an enormous sign on the roof, saying This Is a Large Crisis. A large crisis requires a large plan. Get me two pencils and a pair of underpants. (Rowan Atkinson as Captain Blackadder in Goodbyeee. Blackadder Goes Forth, 1989) Pronunciation: am-pli-fi-KAY-shun Etymology: From the Latin enlargement

Market Structures in Sony Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market Structures in Sony Corporation - Essay Example The organization has gained recognition throughout the world following its high awareness of products to the customers. Electronics devices manufacturers such as Sony corporation offer unique quality of various television sets, music systems, and laptops and computers that appeal the customers; hence, with the effective update in technology, management style, the market plan strategies towards existing competition and the corporate goals ensures that the organization is successful and distinguish the company from other similar competitive companies. The process of determining a market structure comprises the research on the rival companies by efficiently exploring their differences and relationships. The features of the market structure affect the routine of the business in the specific market, which has to be appealing to the customer’s needs. There are different market structures used by various organizations, which are based on the number of business participants in the ind ustry and the extent of market control of the involved participants. The market structures include monopolistic competition, perfect competition, and oligopoly and monopoly market structures (O'Connor, 2004). The choice of the market structures in an organization depends on the different characteristics of each type as explained below. The products produced by each of the business are similar to each other; hence, this gives the sellers and buyers the full liberty of joining or leaving the organization options.... The products produced by each of the business are similar to each other; hence, this gives the sellers and buyers the full liberty of joining or leaving the organization. In addition, the buyers and sellers are aware of the prices and technology in use despite the product being produced by a number of companies. Practically, perfect competition does not exist but only forms a benchmark used in the analysis of the real world market structures. The equalization of price and marginal cost through the exchange of quantity goods contributes to efficient allocation of resources (O'Connor, 2004). Monopoly Market Structure Monopoly market structure has a single seller and competitor, who control the supply side of the market. The product sold is unique with no similar substitutes. The demand of the monopoly product translates directly to the market demand hence the need of government regulation because of the insufficiency on market selling side. Monopolistic Competition The feature that dis tinguishes monopolistic market structure from others is the fact that it has a large number of relatively small competitors with each having a modest degree to control the market on the supply side. The products in the market are close for each firm but are not identical in terms of the production technology involved. Consequently, this structure diversifies the needs of the consumer. Oligopoly Market Structure A small number of comparatively large competitors with each having a considerable market control characterize the oligopoly market structure. Sellers under oligopoly have interdependent decision-making leading to high competition, which necessities the cooperation through collusion and mergers. The

The impact of the economic, legal, political, technical, Essay

The impact of the economic, legal, political, technical, international, and social environments on administration - Essay Example The law is slated to take effect on October 17, 2005. When Rep. F. James Sensenbrenner (R. Wis.), chairman of the Congressional Judiciary Committee sponsored the legislation, he and his committee members and Congress in general acknowledged that banks and credit card companies were suspect to large losses, from the high incidence of Chapter 7 filings. However, there would soon be another downside which both the Judiciary Committee and Congress in general, nor President Bush could have ever anticipated. On August 29, 2005 hurricane Katrina slammed into the Gulf Coast and devastated the City of New Orleans. Three weeks later, hurricane Rita wreaked havoc on Texas, Mississippi, Alabama and left enough of its devastation in New Orleans to place them back at square one. In a survey by ISO, an insurance and risk data firm based in Jersey City, New Jersey, they found that personal and commercial loss claims for hurricane Katrina would likely be in the neighborhood of $34.4 billion, which qualifies it as the most costly natural disaster in United States history.(New York Times,2005) Albeit this figure is unprecedented and huge, it is by no means the final devastation figure. At least 99% of the persons who were housed at the Louisiana Superdome and the Civic Center, along with countless others who co-exist from pay check to paycheck who are uninsured, are yet to be tallied. Robert Lawless, a law professor at the University of Nevada Law School found in a recent Nevada Law Journal study that bankruptcy filings rose about 50 percent faster in states affected by hurricanes than in those unaffected. Mr. Lawless's study found that the peak in bankruptcy filings was not right after a storm but two to three years later. (New York Times/Editorial 05). Obviously the victims of Katrina will no doubt skew these findings as they u nquestionable fit the profile of those who typically file for chapter 7 relief.Lawless points out, "The commonality of most bankruptcy filers is a huge setback beyond their control, like illness, the death of a loved one, divorce or layoff".(New York Times). The banks and credit card companies who paid and lobbied for the passage of this new bankruptcy law, will no doubt benefit immensely because it will now become more difficult for Chapter 7 filers to erase their negative history. Obviously, this writer believes that under normal circumstances, when one establishes credit and incurs a debt, then you are obligated to pay. Of course the operative word here is "normal". If one has delusions of how abnormal things are in New Orleans after Katrina, one can listen to the plight of the Mayor of New Orleans, Ray Nagin in an October 11, 2005 interview where he said. " 3 "I will lay-off 3,000 city employees because I have not been able to find the money to keep (non-essential) workers on the payroll".(Nagin qtd.Fox News) These individuals are at the bottom of the food chain and maybe they did not lose as much as many others, but now, all that they did have prior to

Discussion Questions Essay Example for Free

Discussion Questions Essay What are the advantages of concept analysis in relation to theory development? Are these disadvantages? Why or why not? What are some examples of concept analyses that have an enhanced nursing practice in your work experience? Which theories- less conceptual and more factual- are more user-friendly in the practice setting? Why? General Questions General General Questions In chapter 1, specific explanations are given of the terms â€Å"disability† and â€Å"handicap†. Create a scenario of a student with a â€Å"disability† and discuss at least three â€Å"handicaps† that could be needlessly imposed on this student. Include discussion of what the special education services team should do to eliminate those handicaps. If you recently entered college, one of the first things that you should do is purchase your books from the bookstore. This will help you to reduce the stresses that you will face as the year begins, as you should always come prepared with the right materials and texts for school. The work NUR 513 Week 1 Discussion Questions includes solutions on the following questions: What are the advantages of concept analysis in relation to theory development? Are these disadvantages? Why or why not? What are some examples of concept analyses that have an enhanced nursing practice in your work experience? Which theories- less conceptual and more factual- are more user-friendly in the practice setting? Why? General Questions General General Questions In chapter 1, specific explanations are given of the terms â€Å"disability† and â€Å"handicap†. Create a scenario of a student with a â€Å"disability† and discuss at least three â€Å"handicaps† that could be needlessly imposed on this student.  Include discussion of what the special education services Follow the link to get tutorial https://bitly.com/1xpudYb If you recently entered college, one of the first things that you should do is purchase your books from the bookstore. This will help you to reduce the stresses that you will face as the year begins, as you should always come prepared with the right materials and texts for school. General Questions General General Questions In chapter 1, specific explanations are given of the terms â€Å"disability† and â€Å"handicap†. Create a scenario of a student with a â€Å"disability† and discuss at least three â€Å"handicaps† that could be needlessly imposed on this student. Include discussion of what the special education services team should do to eliminate those handicaps.

Drinking on the Job :: Essays Papers

Drinking on the Job Drinking on the job. I never had a job in a restaurant where somebody could drink while working until I got a job as a waitress at Sweetwater Grill and Tavern. Taking part in this activity at work is a sure-fire way to have a strange work experience. I, of course, was not drinking on the job since it was my first day waiting tables at Sweetwater Grill and Tavern, and I was underage (only 18 years old at the time). I had just gotten the job and couldn't wait to work in a comfortable, laid back work environment, which I had never been accustomed to. At Sweetwater, the servers did not have to wear uniforms like most restaurants. Here, servers were allowed to wear cut-off jeans, shorts, t-shirts, and whatever type of shoe that we preferred. The bosses of the restaurant just sat at the bar all day long and caught up with what was going on with their new and old friends. Nobody came in expecting good quality service. As a matter of fact, Sweetwater was infamous for the worst servic e around in town. This restaurant was any server's dream job. The freedoms were not limited to these, though. Oh no, since the tavern was pretty much an organized "drunk fest" for drinkers of all ages, the servers were also allowed to partake in the festivities, and drink and smoke as much as they pleased without letting it interfere in their work. So everyone got to have fun at work. Surely this would make the endless nights working go by much quicker and be more bearable. I could not have been more wrong in my life. Since it was my first day on the job I arrived promptly at four o'clock that evening. I was very nervous about making new friends. At least I would be the first one out that night. To my surprise, the other two servers working the floor that night, Patrick and Lindsay, were very pleasant and talkative. They immediately informed me that "Beef Jerky Time" was the code for "let's party" and that it would begin at 10:30 that evening. "Great!" I replied with what must have been the most frightened look upon my face. Drink on the job?

Comparison Between Rousseau and Plato

I think Rousseau†s most effective criticism of Plato†s is on the importance of family. Both philosophers have opposing views on this issue; however I tend to agree with Rousseau†s view on family mostly because it is more reasonable than Plato†s. Rousseau also seemed more concerned that people enjoy life whereas Plato seemed too tied down with the idea of making the world just, that he forgot about individual happiness. According to Plato there should be no such thing as family. Instead we should all be men born of the earth. Everyone according to Plato should think themselves to be everyone else†s brother or sister. He thinks that children should be removed from the mother upon birth so no attachment is made between mother and child. In speaking of peoples â€Å"education and rearing† Plato writes: â€Å"If by being well educated they become sensible men, they†ll easily see to all this and everything else we are now leaving out-that the possession of women, marriage, and procreation of children must as far as possible be arranged according to the proverb that friends have all things in common. (423e) Again he reiterates the idea of having all things in common when he writes: â€Å"All these women are to belong to all these men in common, and no woman is to live privately with any man. And the children, in their turn, will be common, and neither will a parent know his own offspring, nor a child his parent. † (457d) Rousseau firmly disagrees with Plato†s view on family. He thinks that having strong family values is the key to becoming a good citizen. Since Rousseau is all about taking the natural approach to education, his view on family values make sense. Family is quite obviously in accordance with the laws of nature. A mother gives birth to her child and according to Rousseau it is only natural for the mother to nurse the child herself. That is the first natural bond that takes place within the family thus it is necessary in forming a close family unit. This is seen on page forty-six when he writes: â€Å"But let mothers deign to nurse their children, morals will reform themselves, nature†s sentiments will be awakened in every heart, the state will be repeopled. † If you stop here this goes completely against Plato†s belief that only certain women are made to be nurses and therefore only those women should nurse children. But Rousseau goes on to say: â€Å"Thus, from the correction of this single abuse would soon result a general reform; nature would soon have reclaimed all its rights. Let women once again become mothers, men will soon become fathers and husbands again. † Maybe Rousseau exaggerates this idea that by mothers nursing their children family values will be set in place. But to an extent I think this is true, because it is the first way a mother can care for her child, and by having someone else do it for her she is giving up this sacred bond a mother should have with her child. Rousseau says: â€Å"We are born weak, we need strength; we are born totally unprovided, we need aid; we are born stupid we need judgment. Everything we do not have at birth and which we need when we are grown is given us by education. † (pg. 38) This education no matter how you look at it starts in the home, and with the family. If a child is to grow someone needs to be there to guide them. And without a proper family a child will never be educated properly. Rousseau†s theory on family is much more realistic than Plato†s. Without having family values or even knowing who your real family is how is one supposed to learn to love and care for one another? If we lived as Plato would like we would not know what it means to have a close family because everyone would literally be considered your family. There is no way that you would develop the same feeling of love as you would by living in a family as most know it today. Or family in the sense that Rousseau writes about. Plato was more concerned with the city being just then the individual, so in that context his wanting to eradicate the natural family makes since. But his education follows that everyone be a professional at one trade. In my opinion that is no way to live life. To spend your whole life perfecting one thing, and never experiencing what it is to love. Rousseau took a much different approach believing that education was accomplished through centering on each person individually. The way a child is raised quite obviously affects who they are when they grow up. If they grow up in a family with strong values children learn if nothing else how to love and respect others. By learning these values ideally they will one day pass the lessons along to a family of their own.

How the Bursting of the U.S. Housing Bubble Triggered

The banking and financial market meltdown of 2007-2009 resulted in the downfall of large financial institutions, bailouts for banks by national governments, and global declines in stock markets. A suffering housing market also contributed to the economic recession. While there were many factors that triggered the global market meltdown, this paper will focus on the factors that created the U. S. housing bubble and how the bursting of the U. S. housing bubble sparked the recession. Home ownership is part of the â€Å"American Dream,† but because homes can be expensive, most people need to borrow money to buy them.In the early 2000s, mortgage rates were low, which allowed people to borrow more money with lower monthly payments. According to Katalina M. Bianco, author of â€Å"The Subprime Lending Crisis: Causes and Effects of the Mortgage Meltdown† the U. S. ownership rate increased from 64% in 1994 to 69. 2% in 2004; this demand helped fuel the rise of housing prices (Bi anco, 2008). Because home prices were increasing, many homeowners decided to refinance and take second mortgages to cash out of their homes’ equity.According to Merrill Goozner of The Fiscal Times, a simple explanation for what caused the Great Recession is people had too much debt; during the housing bubble, too many homeowners used their inflated home equity like â€Å"piggybanks† to support their spending (Goozner, 2012). Banks also contributed to the creation of the U. S housing bubble by offering easy access to money. Many borrowers got into high risk mortgages and numerous people with bad credit could qualify as subprime borrowers.According to Bianco, subprime borrowing was a key factor in the increase in home ownership rates during the housing bubble (Bianco, 2008). Some experts suggest mortgage standards relaxed during this period because each link in the â€Å"mortgage chain† believed it was passing on the risk to someone else (Bianco, 2008). Most banks do not keep mortgages on their books; instead, they sell these loans to investors. Before the crisis, many people, businesses, and governments chose to invest in mortgage linked investments because of the low interest rates.After the dot-com bubble crash in 2000, the Federal Reserve Board cut short-term interest rates from about 6. 5% to 1% (Bianco, 2008). Since banks and mortgage brokers could sell loans before they went bad, loan quality deteriorated. Mortgage denial rates reported under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act dropped from 29% in 1998 to 14% in 2002 and 2003 (Bianco, 2008). When home prices stopped increasing and interest rates rose, monthly payments increased due to adjustable rate mortgages. This marked the end of the housing bubble.Many borrowers could no longer afford their mortgages, and defaulted on their loans. The U. S. foreclosure epidemic eroded the financial strength of banking institutions. Losses on other types of loans started to increase as the crisis ext ended beyond the housing market. Banks and investors began losing money, and to decrease their exposure risk, reduced lending to each other. As a result of the slowing lending, hundreds of banks and high-profile institutions failed. Just as a number of factors caused the mortgage crisis, a number of different factors caused the global recession.The bursting of the U. S. housing bubble was not the only cause of the banking and financial meltdown of 2007-2009, but it was the immediate trigger of the economic crisis. Word Count 550 ? Works Cited Bianco, K. M. (2008, April 8). business. cch. com. Retrieved from http://business. cch. com/bankingfinance/focus/news/Subprime_WP_rev. pdf Goozner, M. (2012, March 16). Real recovery: America’s debt is on the decline. The Fiscal Times. Retrieved from http://www. thefiscaltimes. com/Articles/2012/03/16/Real-Recovery-Americas-Debt-is-on-the-Decline. aspx

FERRARI Surname Meaning and Family History

FERRARI Surname Meaning and Family History Ferrari is patronymic or plural form of the last name Ferraro, an occupational surname from the Italian word  ferraro, meaning blacksmith - originally derived from the Latin  ferrum  meaning iron. Ferrari is basically the Italian equivalent of the English surname SMITH. Ferrari is the third most common surname in Italy. Alternate Surname Spellings:  FERARI, FERARRI, FERRERO, FIERRO, FARRAR, FERRARA, FARRAH, PHARRO Surname Origin:  Italian Famous People With the FERRARI  Surname Enzo Ferrari  -  Italian race car designerErmanno W. Ferrari  - Italian music composerGaudenzio Ferrari -  16th-century Italian artistVirginio Ferrari - Italian sculptor Where Is the FERRARI Surname Most Common? According to surname distribution from  Forebears, Ferrari is the 1,667th most common surname in the world- found most prevalently in Brazil, but most common in Italy, especially the northern regions. The Ferrari surname is also fairly common in Monaco (ranked 30th in the country), Uruguay (61st) and Argentina (82nd). Surname maps from WorldNames PublicProfiler demonstrate the popularity of the Ferrari surname in northern Italy, especially the regions of Emilia-Romagna, Lombardia, Liguria and Trentino-Alto Adige. The Ferrari name is also fairly common in the region of Tessin, Switzerland. Genealogy Resources for the Surname FERRARI Meanings of Common Italian SurnamesUncover the meaning of your Italian last name with this free guide to Italian surname meanings and origins for the most common Italian surnames. Ferreira DNA Surname ProjectThis DNA project is connecting individuals with the Ferreira surname and variants such as  Ferrara, Ferrari, Ferraro, Ferrera, Ferreri, Ferrero and Forero, who are interested in using both Y-DNA and mtDNA testing to help discover common Ferreira ancestors. Ferrari  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Ferrari  family crest or coat of arms for the Ferrari surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. Ferrari Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Ferrari ancestors around the world. Search or browse the archives for your Ferrari ancestors, or join the group and post your own Ferrari family query. FamilySearch - FERRARI GenealogyExplore over 4.2 million results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Ferrari surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. DistantCousin.com - FERRARI  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Ferrari. GeneaNet - Ferrari  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Ferrari  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Ferrari  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Ferrari surname from the website of Genealogy Today.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.ï » ¿Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Argumentative Essay Example Why Do Dieting and Exercising Matter

Argumentative Essay Example Why Do Dieting and Exercising Matter Dieting and exercising can change your physical condition significantly. Moreover, its a great way to strengthen your mental health. Learn more about dieting and exercising in this article. What Is an Argumentative Essay An argumentative essay is a genre of writing that aims at investigating an issue, taking a stand on an issue, generating and evaluating a multitude of evidence in a logical manner to support the overall claim. Argumentative essay outline is a five essay format that consists of an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. HOW TO WRITE AN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY If you are looking for argumentative essay examples here is a great one below. Read and enjoy! How Can Dieting and Exercising Change Your Life? Good exercise and diet  habits are key aspects not only in appearance but in living long, healthy lives. One may look fabulous, both fit and healthy while being just as unhealthy as an obese person. The exact opposite is true, also. A person may be a little overweight but have a healthy heart and diet. The only way to find out if one is eating healthy and getting the proper amounts and types of exercise is by looking at their diet and activity level. Diet Is a Way of Life It is important to first start with a good eating plan. Age, health issues, and level of physical activity are just a few factors that should be taken into consideration when writing a meal plan for a person. For example, a young, healthy, and active person can eat more freely than an older person with high cholesterol who does not get much physical activity. On average, a person should try to eat 6-11 servings of grains, 3-5 servings of fruits, 3-5 servings of vegetables, 2-3 servings of dairy, 2-3 servings of meat, and consume fats and sugars sparingly each day. One should shoot for this range until he/she can have an eating plan written for them. Diet is just as big of a part of your health as exercising, that’s why it is so crucial to eat well balanced healthy meals. This requires knowing what you are eating; you can obtain this by the dietary label present on the back of the food when you buy it in the grocery store. â€Å"Water is an essential for being healthy; you should drink 8-ounce glasses per day. Most people do not have a well-balanced diet like they should, but instead, have a diet high in fat and are not consuming enough fiber† (Gebhardt, 72). The best way to start towards a healthy diet is to start consuming more natural whole foods, such as fruit, vegetables, bread, cereals, potatoes, and pasta. You have six different food groups one of which would be a good idea to eliminate completely from your diet, the sweets. The other five groups which you need to focus on are the dairy group, meat group, vegetable group, fruit group, and the bread group. It is a good idea to try and eat a little from each of these groups with each meal. Also keep in mind that you need to be paying attention to the amount of protein, fiber, salt, vitamins, and minerals which you consume as well. These are a little bit harder to keep track of and have always caused more confusion. Customize Your Exercising Plan Diet is not the only thing that should be factored into a healthy lifestyle. Exercise is just as important as a nutritious diet. There are many benefits of physical activity besides the obvious advantage of having a better physical appearance. Exercise can reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression and improve ones mood and feelings of well-being. Besides helping you look great it helps you feel great, too. There are different types of exercises which give different results. Strength training, such as lifting weights, produces dramatic differences in physical appearance and raises ones metabolic rate. It also improves athletic performance and builds stronger bones. Cardiovascular training builds a powerful heart and strong lungs. It helps prevent hypertension, obesity, heart disease, and Type Two diabetes. Exercise is not all about physical looks, it also has to do a lot with your actual health and well being. For example, many overweight people tend to be more susceptible to higher cholesterol and blood pressure. Well, by working out and adding an exercise routine into your normal everyday life, you can help to decrease risk factors drastically. It is said that over 60% of American grown-ups are on the heavier side, or overweight. Only about 15% actually engage in the slightest amount of exercise. â€Å"Obesity alone makes a person very vulnerable to heart disease, but also susceptible to an additional 65% chance of having at least one added risk for heart disease, diabetes and or stroke and a 50% possibility of having two or more of these as possible risk factors. Some other possible risks are high blood pressure, high blood sugar, cholesterol and blood fats that are not all curable with insulin and are considered the Metabolic Syndrome† (Lissner, 886-92). This becomes an even bigger risk when areas of fat accumulate around a person’s middle area and the organs in which the fat surrounds. Basically, people become obese by consuming more calories than should be consumed for a whole day and not using up that energy that has been consumed in calories by exerting it in a physical manner such as exercise. Some people have a fast metabolism which would be the people you see eating whatever they want and still look fit or have the average metabolism where you are what you eat, which makes it a lot harder to stay fit and lean. Exercise has also had a tremendous effect on the aging process of the body. Apparently, the increase in exercise has an enormous effect on nerve cell health and with how long those cells are alive. By maintaining these healthy cells it helps to promote the production of antioxidants which help to protect cells from damage, this is the leading cause of aging. No matter what your age is you can still benefit from exercise not only mentally but also help to prolong your ability to function later on in life. But most importantly â€Å"you will be reducing the chance of having a stroke and clotting which can result in deep vein thrombosis and death, which is more critical as we age† (Tremblay, 814-18). Keeping up a regular cardio routine is a great way to get in shape and also it helps benefit you in various prolonging ways. It is still a good idea to have weight lifting as a part of your routine too. There are six different muscle groups that you can work on with weights. You have arms, back, chest, shoulders, legs, and then abs. You want to try and keep them all worked out pretty evenly. Keeping it switched up and by not concentrating on lets just say bench press, you keep your body guessing and keep it from getting immune to the exercise. Instead of just doing bench press all the time you can switch it up to one week doing dumbbells, maybe cables the next, or maybe even just doing flat out push ups. Then you have the machine style workout which you can substitute in one week. Also, you can switch the focus point up, maybe you want to concentrate on your upper chest this week and lower or mid chest the following week. With this type of confusion, your muscles will grow much stron ger and you will notice much more of an improvement. Exercise and diet  are key factors in staying physically and mentally healthy. It is a known fact that if you look great and feel great you will live a longer and happier life. It is important to take ones age, health, and current physical activity level into consideration when writing an exercise and diet plan. There are many people out there, such as nutritionists, personal trainers, and even personal doctors, who can help develop a diet and exercise plan that is right for him/her. There are so many facilities out there to help keep you alive and healthy. Gebhardt, S.E., Matthews, R.H. (2006). Nutrition Value of Foods, United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Information Service, Home and Garden Bulletin Number 72. Lissner L., Levitsky D.A., Strupp B.J., Kalkwarf H.J., Roe D.A. (2005). Dietary fat and the regulation of energy intake in human subjects. Am J Clin Nutr, 46, 886-892. Tremblay, A., Simoneau, J., Bouchard, C. (2004). The impact of Exercise Intensity on Body Fatness and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism. Metabolism. 43(7): 814-818. MOST POPULAR ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY TOPICS OF 2017 If you need assistance with essay writing, feel free to contact our friendly support team or place an order and we will gladly help you. You can download free essay samples in PDF format from our Home Page  (Download Our Samples section).

Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Education - Essay Example The uneducated individual often is unaware of the happenings and developments that are taking place in the society and in the world surrounding them. As a result they are more involved in the process of looking out for odd jobs, which they could perform to make their livelihood. For the educated individual the scenario is totally different, since a plethora of opportunities open before them to discover the world and apply what they have learned during the years of education. It is a medium that trains the mind of any individual, since it helps to expand and bring out the inner capabilities, which are very much hidden within the self. For this reason education has been considered to be very essential for any person, who wants to make a mark for themselves in the present world. Though many external factors affect the quality of education that is being imparted to each individual, today most of the nations are concentrating inputting up their concerted efforts to make sure that, their c itizens get proper quality education during the course of life. ... Taking the proper and right decisions is very vital for the survival of the human being in the present world. Education thus has got a very great significance as it forces the mind of the human being to think rationally, which very well distinguishes them from the rest of the illiterate crowd. Due to this much importance has been given by the modern day thinkers and the governments alike of the countries worldwide to impart quality education to their citizens, which will create plenty of job opportunities for them to take the right direction and progress in life. Thus the whole educated population present in the society will help the country to make rapid strides in the course of developing their respective economies, which will go a long way to bring prosperity to the entire nation and their fellowmen. (www.ditext.com ) The present day world is scientifically and technologically much advanced only because of the fact that, the majority of the current generation across the world is h ighly educated, which has revolutionized the modern society. It is only through the imparting of proper quality education that has trained the minds of the young generation, to critically think and take rational decisions which have been the cornerstone for all the success that has been achieved in the realms of science, arts and almost all other fields. This has been possible since in recent years, there has been a very wide spread of information as well as knowledge to almost all the corners of the earth, which has been enabled only by means of education. Though in most of the cases where the society and the country impart a form of general and basic education to its country men, it is seen that the vast majority of them do not pursue higher

Sanpshot for PR class Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sanpshot for PR class - Assignment Example The campaign aims at encouraging them to seek appropriate support and care for psychological health concerns. Print materials including brochures and advertisement cards were used for informing veterans, service members and their families on the presence of help for psychological and other support measures (Ruolo, 2013). Real warriors collaborated with organizations and individuals to aid in spreading the resources and information on the help available to the affected as well as the avenues through which they can be able to access this treatment including Deployment Health Clinical Center, National Center for Telehealth and Technology, and Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. Mobile websites and an interactive website were the other strategies used to ensure access to campaign materials to the supporters of the campaign and ensuring the resources, videos, social media, live chat, and other outreach areas provided for the affected members of the community Social media were used in the Real warrior’s campaign through reaching out to military personnel and their families with information on psychological help and support as well as requesting other members to join the course The Real warrior’s campaign has been successful in meeting the needs of the audience to which the campaign was directed and has been able to achieve augmented numbers of veterans, family, and service men receiving treatment and rehabilitation. In my opinion, the campaign is well handled and received with an emphasis on the messages tailored for the veterans, service members, and their families. The messages of the campaign and objectives are well stated, and testimonial videos from military personnel and veterans suffering from mental illnesses are very compelling (Acosta et al., 2012). The campaign is creative and uses innovative measures coupled with technologically advanced

Conundrum engulfing Persian Gulf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conundrum engulfing Persian Gulf - Essay Example More leaders in the Gulf could take strict stances on issues such boundaries and religious issues, making the governance system be biased in some way3. The rise of conundrum in the Gulf could external influences such as the US coming in to install some more democratic systems and fighting those that offer a threat to its wellbeing4. The war between the Christians and the Islamic has been manifested to a great extent in the Middle East. The Jews, Christians and the Muslims have always disagreed to a great extent based on religious issues5. Islamic global terror has been significantly minimized since the death of Osama Bin Laden. However, the rise of radical Islamic terror groups such ISIS threatens the gains that have been made in the fight against terror6. Christianity, which is a more peaceful outfit, is threatened by the rise of the Islamic radicals. More persecutions of the Christians could be manifested due to the rise of Islamic global terror in the modern dispensation. Ian O. Lesser, Bruce R. Nardulli, and Lory A. Arghavan: Sources of Conflict in the Greater Middle East. 2014. Available at: Ziadeh, Radwan, Leon Hadar, Mark N. Katz, and Steven Heydemann. 2012. "Crisis in Syria: What Are the U.S. Options?."  Middle East Policy, 19, no. 3: 1-24.  International Security & Counter Terrorism Reference Center, EBSCOhost (accessed November 11,

Factors That Influence the Loyalty of a Hotel Customer

Factors That Influence the Loyalty of a Hotel Customer Kandampully (2000) defines tourism as a unique product as it is composite in nature, an amalgam of the tangible and intangible which includes everything that tourists experience. Tourism is a fast-growing industry, which now had become one of the industries that playing an important role in financial status of a country. The number of the tourist is growing from year to years. According to Inskeep(1996), Tourism is a fast expanding sector, which brings an important contribution to the foreign exchange earnings of some country nowadays. Tourism industry not only related with government, but public and non government sector also playing a rarely important role in it. The figure above shows that the country and the total international tourism receipts for the countries from year 2006 to year 2008. As we can see from the figure, the income of the tourism sector of the country is increasing from time to time. Tourism is particularly adapted to highlight the nature of the upheavals implied by the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in service activities. With roughly 11 % of the world total employment or Gross Domestic Product (GDP), tourism is often presented as the first worldwide industry. Europe is by far the first tourist continent. This economic strength of tourism, associated to a strong potential of growth, has induced deep competitive processes and significant industrial reorganization. Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been changing the global tourism industry rapidly. The implications of the Internet and other growing interactive multimedia platforms for tourism promotion are far reaching and alter the structure of the industry.The tourism does not follow the usual rules of economic theory, or of any other theory; besides, many authors are used to make reference about the indiscipline of tourism (Leiper, 2000, Tribe, 1997, Tremblay, 1 999). Tourism is not just a great industry to work in, but it is also a key for a countrys economy. The tourism industry in the UK is more than 4 % of the UKs Gross Domestic Product, which is worth around  £76 billion. It employs 2.1 million people, or almost 7.5% of the working population and approximately 1 in 5 of all new jobs created will be in tourism industry. So the government for UK had invested a huge budget available for tourism promotion and quality development. Tourism industry not only affects public sector management, but also influences business of private sector and it is an income creation for a company. Tourist can be people from oversea and it can be people from this country as well, but they does not intend to stay permanently. Tourist taking time to visit the places that they dont normally see.Tourism gathers all the activities dedicated to the satisfaction of the needs of the tourists, and borrows to a multitude of other activities. Tourist products are complex and heterogeneous products, combination of elements separated in time and space (Caccomo and Solonandrasana, 2001). Tourist products also often pre-defined packages assembling interrelated products and services (transport, accommodation services, leisure services). Contrary to the traditional good sectors, tourists have to go to the resources where resources are transformed to be delivered to the customers: whatever their intrinsic qualities, the resources acquire an economic value only with the organization of the traveling of the tourists and development of the activity (Spizzichino, 1991). Tourist products and services are often experience goods, the quality or utility are not known ex ante by the consumers; a system of advices and critics is thus necessary to the formalization of choices (Gensollen, 2003). The World Tourism Organization predicts that by 2020 tourist arrivals around the world would increase over 200%. Tourism has become a highly competitive business for tourism destination over the world. Competitive advantage in tourism industry it no longer depends only to what we provide to the customer, but it is now increasingly driven by science, information technology and innovation. The volatility of changes in the external and international environment also influences the performance of other business in tourism industry, such as hotel business, restaurant business and many more. An economic upswing or downturn will have an almost immediate impact on its performance. Tourism industry in Malaysia Service sector had become an important sector in Malaysia where it contributes approximately 50% of the nations real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Tourism industry had been paying enough attention by the government since the Tourism Development Corporation (TDC) was established in year 1972. The Tourism Development Corporation is build to further expand the tourism through its marketing program and publicity campaigns to both locally and abroad. But the TDC only stand for 20 years and then replaced by Malaysian Tourism Promotion Board with the objective to stimulate and entice the number of visitor and tourist that visit to the country. The growth of total amount world tourism and Malaysia is one of the potential tourism destinations. It had contributed to the changes and focus in the tourism sector in the country. To enhance the tourism industry in Malaysia, the VMY campaign had been introduced. The fist Visit Malaysia Year (VMY) campaign was launch by year 1990 and tourism industry had become Malaysias third major foreign income exchange earner. But theres was some downturn in worldwide travel in year 1991 because of the Gulf War and this had causes the number of tourist had decreased moderately. The second Visit Malaysia Year (VMY) campaign was launch on year 1994. The growth rate remained far behind the first campaign despite of an increase of tourist in Malaysia about 10.7% in year 1994. The overall of the tourism industry in Malaysia showed an upward trend until the happening of the global financial crisis in year 1997. The total amount of the tourism receipts in year 1995 amounting to Ringgit Malaysia (RM) 9.2 billion had surpassed the target for the year 2000 in the National Tourism Plan which in about RM8.36 billion. Therefore, the investment approved for hotel and tourism-related projects has increased from RM8.801 billion to spur the growth of the tourism industry during the Sixth Malaysian Plan period to RM18.2 billion during the Seventh Malaysia Plan period (Economic Planning Unit, 2001). In an effort to succeed the tourism industry, Tourism Malaysia had signed a  £2 million deal with Manchester United in an effort to promote the visit Malaysia Year 2007 in September 2006. Besides that, Tourism Malaysia also signs a deal with Chelsea Football Club to promote the tourism industry in Malaysia and to succeed the VMY plan. Hospitality Industry Hospitality industry is major service sector in world economy and the industry encompasses an extensive variety of service such as food service, tourism and hotels. The hospitality industry can be divided into two parts. One is entertainment part like bar, pub, clubs; another one is accommodation such as resorts, public house, hotels, motels, inn, apartment and motels. Tourism support commercial activities such as travel agents and airline cabin staff are included in hospitality as well. Hotel Industry The early evidence of the existence of hotels and the hospitality industry has been recorded as far back as biblical times when Mary and Joseph arrived in Bethlehem during the census, which is during 4 Before Christ (B.C.) of the Julian calendar, where Joseph went to Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David (Luke 2:1-4). People have start traveled for religion, family, needs, immigration, commerce, education, health, and recreation, since the beginning of time. As a result, hotels and inns had begun catering to the pleasure traveler in an effort to encourage visitors with the influence of the Roman Empire. It was recorded that the first inn located in America was in the year 1607. It leads the way with many other firsts in the hospitality industry (searchandgo.com). The first modern hotel (the Tremont) opened in Boston in year 1809. The first ever publicly held hotel (the City Hotel) was opened in New York in year 1792 and the first business hotel (the Buffalo Stat ler) opened in year 1908. Following that, a surge of hotels flooded America and the rest of the world with prominent names such as Radisson, Marriot and Hilton. According to the precious previous research, hotels, which also mean home away from home for the travelers and tourist, provide four types of service and product which had accommodation, foods, drinks, leisure or entertainment (Wood, 1997; Knowles, 1998). The hospitality industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the worldwide. The hospitality industry began to utilize information technology (IT) more than three decades ago (Berchiolly, 1997; Hensdill, 1998), well before many other industries. Hotels nowadays are much more than just a place to sleep, as many tourists view them as an integral part of a getaway experience. Spiffed-up budget properties, and novelty accommodations, travelers can choose a hotel that is as much a selling point as the destination itself with the recent boom of boutique hotels (Yashroy, 2008). The industry surge with expansions and new entrants in times of economic growth, with the tourism sector is growing as well. The hospitality industry was thus as early as the 1960s and 1970s in adopting operational information systems where a room management application was installed at the New York Hilton in 1963 (Sayles, 1963) and a property management system was installed at the Waikiki Sheraton in 1970. But according to Worcester (1997), he found that the main drawback of hospitality information systems was lack of accurate and timely information caused by the need to rekey information from various reports, instead of having access to integrated information managed in one consolidated database. The statement was support by Hensdill (1998), saying that the experts believe that in terms of IT the hospitality industry is about 2 years behind other industries. To survive in competitive advantage among the hotels, there are some factors that playing a fairly important role in it, such as brand image of the hotel, through the promotions and many more. Brand image plays a very important role in retaining customer loyalty and fulfill customers satisfaction in hotel industry to repurchasing the service again. According to the previous research by Zeithaml and Bitner (1996), image is also considered as a factor that can influence customers perception of the services and goods that been provide and also requires the ability to be communicated effectively and consistently to consumers. As a result, information and useful data such as the importance of maintaining a good image to retain loyal customers and also increase the corporate profit will be provide to hotel organization. As mentioned by Chaudhuri and Holbrook (2001), higher customer loyalty entails a higher market share and an ability to demand relatively higher prices compared to competitors. Consequently, the hotel organization would need to focus on customer loyalty in order for hotel organizations to survive. The statement is similar with the previous research by Aaker (1997) . With reference to Aaker (1997), increased customer loyalty has many advantages such as reduce marketing costs, solicit more customers, and successfully operate trading leverage. Hence, with factors involving Zeithaml et al. (1996), loyalty factors are crucial to an organization as it is the most reliable success indicators. Besides that, a favorable and famous brand image also helps to reduce the uncertainty of the products quality and increase the probability of consumers decision to purchase the product. According to Dick and Basu (1994), loyal customers encourage positive word-of-mouth promotion and challenge their competitors strategies. Thus, in regards to Fornell and Wernerfelt (1998) and Reichheld et al. (1996), increased customer loyalty will result in generating higher corporate profits. Strong brands are important to the hospitality industry. There are several issues in developing a brand, one of them is customers trust. And it has been suggested that service quality has a direct effect on organizations profits since it is positively related with customer retention and customer loyalty (Baker and Crompton, 2000; Zeithaml and Britner, 2000). Product or individuals public perception will be evaluating through market research to stresses the importance of modern public relations. After collect the data and challenges are identified, the process of counting and solution will be presented will be presented in a campaign strategy to met goals. Though techniques may different from campaign to campaign but theres some standard tools used are implemented in forms of press releases, press kits, satellite feeds, pod casts, web casts, wire service distribution of information and internet placement. Besides the technique mention above, other technique which include entertainment product placement (television, events, celebrity), product launches, press conferences, media seminars, producing events, speechwriting, establishing partnerships and more is often required, in which the perception obtain from the public through such means will result in positive views as a goal. Most of the hotels have different facilities for their customer. According to the research by Bauer et. Al (1993), he examined that the tourist from Asian and Non-Asian countries have different demand and differences for the facilities in hotel. Asian travelers appeared to looking for more entertainment facilities, such as karaoke, while for the Non-Asian travelers, they looking for more concern in health facilities, such as gym and swimming pool. And with the references to previous research, facilities are one of the factors that influence the satisfaction of the customer. Research Question Most of the hotel customers decide on which hotel to stay based on the reason below. Many customers repurchase the service after experience it and satisfied with the service they provide. Other factors such as brand image, service quality, public relations perception, service innovation and facilities also should take into consideration before making their decision. Thus, the main research problem of this study is to examine the factors that influence the loyalty of a hotel customer in Malaysia. To accomplish the study purpose, the following questions need to be responded: What are the critical factors that influence the loyalty of the hotel customer in Malaysia? Are there any interaction between the critical factors and hotel customer in Malaysia? How does the critical factor have an affect on the loyalty of hotel customer in Malaysia? Objectives of Study The overall goal or the general objectives of this research is determined and identify the critical factors that influence the loyalty of a hotel customer in Malaysia. The following specific objectives are established to aid accomplishing the goal of this research: To determine the critical factors (brand image, service quality, public relations perception, service innovation and facilities) that influences the loyalty of the hotel customer in Malaysia. To examine interaction between the critical factors (brand image, service quality, public relations perception, service innovation and facilities) and hotel customer in Malaysia To determine the critical factor (brand image, service quality, public relations perception, service innovation and facilities) have an affect on the loyalty of hotel customer in Malaysia. Scope of Study The focus of this study is in hotel industry. This is because the tourism sector had been increase highly and playing an important role in the financial status in a country nowadays. And the number of tourist is increasing from years to years and tourism industry had becoming one of the major industries in Malaysia. The research will be done by the tourist, especially which is having a visit in Malaysia currently. This study is going to be focused on customers both male and female who patronize hotels in Malacca. The age range would be targeted on customers ranging from the age of 20 until 50. The mentioned age group was chosen as a majority as they are the ones who have a stable job and earn their own income. They are the category of customers who are able to afford to patronize hotels and hold a valuable link to the study. A questionnaire was handed out to the customers to obtain their opinions and views regarding issues that influence their loyalty and satisfaction towards certain hotel brands. The study also focuses on the perceptive viewpoint of the aforementioned age group in which, their loyalty and awareness towards the particular line of hotel brand is measured to determine the effectiveness of brand advertising and public relation media. Definition of Terms Customer Satisfaction: A customers emotional response react after the usage of a product or service (Oliver 1981). Customer satisfaction is more likely complex human process that involves the cognitive and affective processes and it also involve other psychological and physiological influence (Oh and Parks, 1997). Customer Loyalty: The loyalty business model assumes the philosophical validity of pursuit of self-interest. True customer loyalty can be defined as customers resistance to competitors offerings (Gundlach et al., 1995) and the persuasive tactics to attract new customers (Dick and Basu, 1994). Service Quality: Parasuraman et al. (1985) that views quality as the customers perception of service excellence, i.e. quality is defined by the customers impression of the service provided. Brand Image: Brand image is considered to have the ability to influence customers perceptions of the goods and services offered (Zeithaml and Bitner, 1996). Public Relations Perception: Cultip et al., (1985) definition of public relations perception is the management function that identifies, establishes and maintains mutually beneficial relationships between an organization and the various public on whom its successes or failure depends. Structure of Project The present study is organized into five chapters. Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter shows and details the intention and reason for the carrying out of this research. This chapter also consists of sub-topics such as research background, research questions, research objectives, importance of study, scope of study and definition of terms which are aimed to increase readers understanding of this whole research. Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter contains more detailed information on the e-commerce and tourism industry. This chapter also detailed information about evaluation of the relationship of service quality, brand image and public relations perception on customer loyalty. The early and present day history of hotel organizations is also included in this chapter. Besides that, this chapter also contains the discussion on the various variables and its validity which will be tested in this study. The findings of previous researchers on these variables are also taken into account. Chapter 3: Methodology This chapter entails the methods and approaches that are selected for the testing of variables in this study. This chapter also consists of further discussion on sub-topics such as sources of data, questionnaire design, measurement, sampling method, sample size, data analysis techniques and unit of analysis. The findings from previous studies are also considered in the further understanding of the approaches used. Chapter 4: Data Analysis This chapter involves the incorporation of the interpretation of the collected data from respondents via quantitative method. The determination of the acceptance or rejection of the stated hypotheses will also be tested. A software called Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) will be used in this research to measure the results. Chapter 5: Discussions and Conclusions This chapter explains the outcomes of the testing of the hypotheses determined from Chapter 4: Data Analysis. The acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis is discussed as well. Additionally, the concluded results of the hypothesis testing from this study are compared with results from previous researches to identify the differences and similarities. Chapter 2: Literature Review Introduction The purpose of this research is to determined and to identify the critical factors that influence the loyalty of a hotel customer in Malaysia. Due to an increase in travel expenditure, the tourism industry has also seen an evident growth over the recent years. Goeldner and Ritchie (2003) have predicted that by 2011, global travel and tourism are expected to generate US$7.0 trillion in economic activity and offer 260 million jobs. Ongoing globalization, in addition to permeable borders and easier transfers between countries has promoted a growth in tourism. They have more varieties of services to choose from In line with the abundant services offered to customers. Therefore, competition among competitors to provide the best services possible is created among the tourism organizations. Hotel Industry in Malaysia The hotel nowadays is not only just a place for travelers to sleep, but an integral part of a getaway experience. According to Yashroy(2008), travelers can choose a hotel that is a much a selling point as the destination itself, With the recent boom of boutique hotels, spiffed-up budget properties, and novelty accommodations. As tourism industry is playing an important role in financial status of a country, the hospitality industry in Malaysia too has seen an increase in contributing to the countrys GDP. The example of the Genting Group which represented Malaysia in the hotel, restaurants and leisure industry and was ranked at 1198th position in the Forbes Global 2000 ranking in 2008 (The Global 2000, Forbes) has shown to the public that the hospitality industry is beginning to emerge as one of the important service sub-sectors in Malaysia. The table above illustrates the contribution of various sectors to Malaysias GDP from year 2002 to 2007. As we can see from the table, the private service industrys GDP had increased from 44.7% in year 2002 to 46.4% in year 2007. The private service sector which includes restaurant, hotels, wholesale and retail trade, finance, insurance, real estates and business services sub-sectors. This shows that the services industry is one of the sectors concentrated by the government for improvement as it is gradually contributing a big portion to the countrys GDP. Besides that, Malaysian Association of Hotels (MAH) (hotels.org.my), has recorded that there has been evident growth in the hospitality sector, with average hotel occupancy rates having risen throughout 2007, from the mid-60% range at the beginning of the year to over 70% in 3Q 2007. The hotel industry nowadays has been recognized as a global industry since the development in the industry had been growing rapidly and steadily. The different lifestyle and culture of the customer have changed over time and the facilities in the hotel such as gym, swimming pool, and restaurant are no longer counted as luxuries but an essential component of their lifestyle. Tourism is a largest global export industry and due to the increasing growth of it, the number of hotels around the world had been increased as well. This had caused the intense competition among the hotels in the marketplace. Strong competition had been faces by the hotel organization to differentiate their organization from others by improve their service and facilities, increased choices, value for their money and also superior levels of service. As a result, service quality, brand image, public relation perceptions, and innovation of information technology as well as the improvement of the facilities in the hotel are important in catering to customers needs and as a strategy to retain them. Customer Loyalty According to Dick and Basu (1994), the forces of attitude and behavior had been assumed as factors that can influence the customers loyalty. Oliver (1999, p.35) had defined customer loyalty as: a deeply held commitment to re-buy or re-patronize a preferred product or service consistently in the future, thereby causing repetitive same-brand set or same brand-set purchasing despite situational influences and marketing efforts having potential to cause switching behavior. Although there are many variations about the definition of customer loyalty, but seems theres to be no unanimously agreed of definition for it, according to Jacoby and Chestnut (1978); Dick and Basu (1994); Oliver, (1999). However, there are instead three popular concepts about customer loyalty as below: Loyalty as primarily an attitude that sometimes leads to a relationship with the brand, Loyalty mainly expressed in terms of revealed behavior (i.e. the pattern of past purchases); and Buying moderated by the individuals own characteristics, circumstances, and/or the purchase situation. Many authors also had stressed the existence of a relationship between customer loyalty and business performance (Reichheld and Sasser, 1990; Reichheld, 1993; Sheth and Parvatiyar, 1995) and Barroso Castro and Martin Armario (1999) supported the statement by stated that loyal customers is not only increase the value of the business, but it is also an evident in enable the businesses to maintain the costs lower than those related with attracting new customers. Loyal customers not only help to encourage positive word-of-mouth promotion, challenge competitors strategies (Dick and Basu, 1994), but also generate higher corporate profits (Fornell and Wernerfelt, 1988; Reichheld et al., 2000). Besides that, the increasing of customer loyalty entails an increase in the market share and enables the companies to have the ability to demand relatively higher prices for their products or services than their competitors (Chaudhuri and Holbrook, 2001). This statement is supported by Aaker (1997) by stating that the company with higher customer loyalty can help the companies lower their marketing costs while seek more customers as well as successfully operate trading leverage in the same time. De Ruyter et al. (1998) stated that early customer loyalty studies also solely focused on the behavioral aspect but later shifted to an attitudinal approach. It was added that the latter approach can be studied by means of dimensions such as word of mouth, complaining behavior and purchase intention. There has also been some disagreement between researchers regarding to the attitudinal aspect of loyalty. The conflict focused on the argument was that the needed to be strong attitudinal commitment to a brand in order for true loyalty to exist (Day, 1969; Jacoby and Chestnut, 1978; Foxall and Goldsmith, 1994; Mellens et al., 1996; Reichheld, 1996). Dick and Basu (1994) have explained that these attitudes is measured on maybe by questioning people on how much they like a brand, how much of confidence they have commitment to it, will they recommend it to others, and having positive beliefs and feeling about it, as in comparison to other competing brands. Other than that, the five-item scale which was adapted by Zeithaml et al. (1996) had been used to measure as customer loyalty by earlier researches. However, Bernà © (1997) has mentioned that loyalty was measured indirectly by using an attitude scale in another research. He also pointed out that it is the most generally used system of measurement as a result of the complexity that is involved in attaining sequential information about repurchase intentions. In line with this, a seven-point, Likert scale was used in that particular research to measure customer loyalty. Service Quality Service quality is defined from the marketing fields which give the values to human interaction between a business and its customers. Service is important in business because services not only help the company to remain its customers loyalty, but also to enhance the firms image in the marketplace. In tourism sector, service quality is an important aspect that customers will look into before they decided to engage in purchasing the service. Therefore, those tourism organizations such as hotel organizations face an intense and fierce competition from their competitors to provide the best service and product to their customers. The term service has been defined in several ways. Service had been defined by Grà ¶nroos (2002, p.58) as: A service is an activity or a series of activities of a more or less intangible nature that normally, but not necessarily, takes place in the interaction between the customer and service employees and/or physical resources or foods and/or systems of the service provider, which are provided as solutions to customer problems. A definition also adopted by Zeithaml and Britner (1996), which stated by Quinn et al. (1987) whom defined services as: all economic activities whose output is not a physical product or construction, is generally consumed at the time of it is produced, and provides added value in forms (such as convenience, amusement, timeliness, comfort or health) that are essentially intangible concerns of its first purchaser. On the other hand, Horovitz (1986) had identified the three distinctive characteristics of service quality: the consumer will perceive all limitations in quality because most of the services are consumed at the same time as they are produced; a service is made up of a set of benefits, but it is predominantly an experience; and a fundamental aspect of service quality is derived from the quality of relationship between the service provider and the consumer. Parasuraman et al. (1988) defined service quality as a global judgment or attitude relating to the overall excellence or superiority of the service. Although there are many definitions about service quality, but theres one common definition that accepted by most researchers is the traditional notion provided by Parasuraman et al. (1985). He stated that views quality as the customers perception of service excellence, as quality is defined by the customers impression of the service provided. However, Bergman and Klefsjà ¶ (2003) stated service quality as the quality is often related with satisfied or preferably delighted customers. Service quality is important in retaining customer loyalty. Heskett et al. (1994) considered customer loyalty as behavior for increasing the profits and growth of a business. Quality is also the general impression of the relative inferiority or superiority of the organization and its services, according to Bitner and Hubbert (1994). Moreover, when looked at from a tourism organizations perspective, the functional aspects of services for example, is how they are offered, and has a much higher probability in influencing customers emotional feelings, than the technical aspects, for example, what is offered. Besides this, service literature also claims that the major issue of customer satisfaction is perceived quality (Parasuraman et al., 1988; Bitner, 1990; Carman, 1990). However, there are also some authors that giving the opposite relationship, stated that perceived quality is considered an antecedent of customer satisfaction (Cronin and Taylor, 1992; Anderson and Sullivan, 1993). Althou